GHK-Cu
A copper-binding tripeptide (Gly-His-Lys) that declines sharply with age and resets gene expression toward youthful patterns — regulating over 4,000 genes involved in tissue regeneration, anti-inflammation, and skin remodeling.
A copper-binding tripeptide (Gly-His-Lys) that declines sharply with age and resets gene expression toward youthful patterns — regulating over 4,000 genes involved in tissue regeneration, anti-inflammation, and skin remodeling.
GHK-Cu stimulates collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis while activating matrix metalloproteinases for selective tissue remodeling. It upregulates antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase, and modulates TGF-β signaling to balance fibrosis and regeneration. By promoting stem cell recruitment and resetting age-related gene expression, it acts as a broad biological age-management signal.
- [1]Pickart L, Margolina A. (2018). Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(7):1987.
- [2]Pickart L, et al. (2015). GHK Peptide as a Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways in Skin Regeneration. BioMed Research International, 2015:648108.
- [3]Pollard JD, et al. (2005). Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine:copper(II) reduces hydrogen peroxide-mediated DNA damage in human fibroblasts. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 18(4):180-185.
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